晋太宗宣武帝实录20
陈牧：寡人闻，政有三品，何也？先生教我。</p>
萧凡：臣以为其有三，王者之政化之，霸者之政威之，强国之政胁之。夫此三者各有所施，而化之为贵矣。夫化之不变。而后威之，威之不变，而后胁之，胁之不变，而后刑之。夫至于刑者，则非王者之所贵也。是以圣王先德教而后刑罚，立荣耳止而明防禁，崇礼义之。节以示之，贱货利之弊以变之，修近理内，政橛机之礼，壹妃匹之际，则下莫不慕义理之荣，而恶贪乱之耻，其所由致之者，化之使然也。</p>
陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。</p>
chenu：i‘veheardthatpoliticshasthreelevels，sirtaughtwhatthaas？</p>
xiaofan：ithktherearethreekdfit，theholykggovernstheuntrybyadvocatgdoctration，overlordsgoverntheuntrywithgreatephasinpower，powerfuluntrieshandlepoliticaffairsthroughercion，thefirstionistheostvaable，therefore，firstdoctration，sendtoshowstrength，thirdisercionandfallypunishnt，theholykghadnochoicebuttoethepunishnt，therefore，theholykgadvocateddoctration，ifthereisnoeffect，thepenaltyised，letpeopleknowabouthonoranddisgraceandwhatisforbidden，prooteetietteandrighteonesseople，handlepoliticaffairsdilintlyandadvocatearrectviewofoney，then，everyonetheworldwillyearnforsuchacietyandbeashadofdovil，xuryandgreed，thisisthesituationwhichtheholykgadvocatesdoctration。</p>
chenu:sirisright，iaeptyourteachgs。</p>
陈牧：寡人愿闻，人君何以平治天下？先生教我。</p>
萧凡：臣以为，人君欲平治天下而垂荣名者，必尊贤而下士。《易》曰：自上下下，其道大光。又曰：以贵礼下，大得民也。明王之施德而下下也，将怀远而致近也。朝无贤人，犹鸿鹄之无羽翼也，虽有千里之望，犹不能致其意之所欲至矣。是故绝江海者托于船，致远道者托于乘，欲霸王者托于贤。</p>
陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。</p>
chenu：iwanttoknowhowtheholykggovernstheuntry？sirtaught。</p>
xiaofan：ithk，ifthekgwantstogoverntheuntrywelndleavehisnahistory，hetbehubleandrespectfulofthetalents，treatotherswithhuility，andthefuturecanbesooth，evenifyouarenoble，youtrespectthetalents，onlythiswaycanwetpeople‘ssupport，theholykgprooteddoctrationwithalowposture，evenifthegoalisfaraway，iilleventuallybeachieved，theuntryhasnotalents，jtlikeabirdhaslostitsgs，thenyoucan‘tttowhereyouwanttogo，therefore，ifyouwanttocrossthesea，youneedtohaveaboat，ifyouwanttoreachfaraway，youneedaanftransportation，ifyouwanttobeeaholykgandoverlord，youneedthesupportoftalents。</p>
chenu:sirisright，irespectfullyaeptyourteachgs。</p>
陈牧：寡人闻，王臣蹇蹇，匪躬之故，何也？先生教我。</p>
萧凡：臣以为，人臣之所以蹇蹇为难而谏其君者，非为身也，将欲以匡君之过，矫君之失也。君有过失者，危亡之萌也；见君之过失而不谏，是轻君之危亡也。夫轻君之危亡者，忠臣不忍为也。</p>
陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。</p>
chenu：iheardthatloyalistsadesugstionswithtegrity，theydothisnotfortheirownsake，howtounderstand？sirtaught。</p>
xiaofan：ithk，thereanwhyloyalsubjectsarenotafraidofdifficultiesandakesugstionswithtegrity，thatistorrectthekg‘sfaults，andnotfortheirownsake，thekgadeaistakewhichwasthebegngofthedanr，iouldbeirresponsibletoseeakgakeaistakeandnottorrectit，andasaloyalservant，heuldnotbeartoseethekgdanr。</p>
chenu:sirisright，irespectfullyaeptyourteachgs。</p>
陈牧：寡人闻，君子慎独，何也？先生教我。</p>
萧凡：臣以为，存亡祸福，其要在身。圣人重诫，敬慎所忽。《中庸》曰：莫见夫隐，莫显乎微，胡君子能慎其独也。谚曰：诫无垢，思无辱。夫不诫不思，而以存身全国者，亦难矣。《诗》曰：战战兢兢，如临深渊，如履薄冰。此之谓也。</p>
陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教矣。</p>
chenu：ihaveheardthatntlenarealcautiowhentheyarealone，sirtaughtwhy？</p>
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